Applications of gastric peroral endoscopic myotomy in the treatment of upper gastrointestinal tract disease.

Gastric peroral endoscopic myotomy (G-POME) is an emerging minimally invasive endoscopic technique involving the establishment of a submucosal tunnel around the pyloric sphincter. In 2013, Khashab et al used G-POME for the first time in the treatment of gastroparesis with enhanced therapeutic efficacy, providing a new direction for the treatment of gastroparesis. With the recent and rapid development of G-POME therapy technology, progress has been made in the treatment of gastroparesis and other upper digestive tract diseases, such as congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis and gastric sleeve stricture, with G-POME. This article reviews the research progress and future prospects of G-POME for the treatment of upper digestive tract gastrointestinal diseases.

Ozone degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride enhanced by magnetic nanofluid composed of Fe3O4 nanoparticles.

Magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were added into the aqueous phase to form nanofluid systems, in which ozone was used for the oxidation of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) in the solution. The nanomaterials were characterized using SEM, XRD, EDS, and FT-IR. The effects of nanoparticles size, addition ratio, and number of cycles on the process of ozone oxidation of TC were investigated. The results indicated that the addition ratio of nanoparticles have a certain impact on the performance of ozone oxidation. When the addition ratio increased from 0.02% to 0.4%, the removal rate of TC in the solution was improved significantly. Besides, the particle size of nanoparticles showed a greater impact on ozone oxidation. At the nanoscale, Fe3O4 nanoparticles exhibited significant strengthening properties, which is attributed to the construction of nanofluid systems. The removal rate of TC in solution decreased obviously with the increase of nanoparticles size. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles with particle size of 20 nm showed the most significant effect on TC degradation. The recycling experiment showed that magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles had stable regeneration performance. For three times of recycling treatment, with a Fe3O4 addition ratio of 0.4%, the removal rate of TC reached 98.7%, 97.21%, and 96%, respectively. Based on the characterization results, the strengthening mechanism was analyzed. The experimental results indicated that construction of nanofluids systems could improve the utilization rate of ozone, and Fe3O4 nanoparticles were reusable and easily recyclable.

Paeoniflorin promotes PPARγ expression to suppress HSCs activation by inhibiting EZH2-mediated histone H3K27 trimethylation.

BACKGROUND: The alleviating effect of paeoniflorin (Pae) on liver fibrosis has been established; however, the molecular mechanism and specific target(s) underlying this effect remain elusive. PURPOSE: This study was to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the regulatory effect of Pae on hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation in liver fibrosis, with a specific focus on the role of Pae in modulating histone methylation modifications. METHODS: The therapeutic effect of Pae was evaluated by establishing in vivo and in vitro models of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced mice and transforming growth factor ß1 (TGF-ß1)-induced LX-2 cells, respectively. Molecular docking, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative real time PCR (ChIP-qPCR) and other molecular biological methods were used to clarify the molecular mechanism of Pae regulating HSCs activation. RESULTS: Our study found that Pae inhibited HSCs activation and histone trimethylation modification in liver of CCl4-induced mice and LX-2 cells. We demonstrated that the inhibitory effect of Pae on the activation of HSCs was dependent on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) expression and enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2). Mechanistically, Pae directly binded to EZH2 to effectively suppress its enzymatic activity. This attenuation leaded to the suppression of histone H3K27 trimethylation in the PPARγ promoter region, which induced upregulation of PPARγ expression. CONCLUSION: This investigative not only sheds new light on the precise targets that underlie the remission of hepatic fibrogenesis induced by Pae but also emphasizes the critical significance of EZH2-mediated H3K27 trimethylation in driving the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis.

Dual Buried Interface Engineering for Improving Air-Processed Inverted FAPbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells.

Fabricating perovskite solar cells (PSCs) in an ambient environment provides low-cost preparation routes for solar cells that are suitable for large-scale production. Compared with methylammonium (MA)- based perovskite materials, formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) possesses a more favorable bandgap for light harvesting and better thermostability. However, the phase transition from the α-phase to the δ-phase easily occurs, making it challenging for ambient-air processing. Herein, we develop a buried interface engineering strategy via two molecules including 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane (DPPB) as well as [4-(3,6-dimethyl-9H-carbazol-9-yl)butyl] phosphonic acid (Me-4PACz) to optimize air-processed inverted FAPbI3 PSCs. This strategy regulates the crystallization process of the air-fabricated FAPbI3 perovskite film, leading to a purer α-phase with significantly enhanced crystallinity and enlarged grain sizes. Apart from improving the bulk perovskite film, the defects at the NiOx/perovskite interface are passivated, and the energy levels are better matched in the modified device, which facilitates efficient carrier extraction. Resultantly, the target device processed in the open air achieves a dramatically improved power conversion efficiency from 11.37% to 18.45%, in association with an enhanced device stability.

Connection between Mechanical Relaxation and Equilibration Kinetics in a High-Entropy Metallic Glass.

The slow transition from an out-of-equilibrium glass towards a supercooled liquid is a complex relaxation phenomenon. In this Letter, we study the correlation between mechanical relaxation and equilibration kinetics in a Pd_{20}Pt_{20}Cu_{20}Ni_{20}P_{20} high-entropy metallic glass. The evolution of stress relaxation with aging time was obtained with an unprecedented detail, allowing us to pinpoint new interesting features. The long structural relaxation towards equilibrium contains a wide distribution of activation energies, instead of being just associated to the ß relaxation as commonly accepted. The stress relaxation time can be correlated with the equilibration rate and we observe a decrease of microstructural heterogeneity which contrasts with an increase of dynamic heterogeneity. These results significantly enhance our insight of the interplay between relaxation dynamics and thermodynamics in metallic glasses.

Tuning ferroelectric phase transition temperature by enantiomer fraction.

Tuning phase transition temperature is one of the central issues in phase transition materials. Herein, we report a case study of using enantiomer fraction engineering as a promising strategy to tune the Curie temperature (TC) and related properties of ferroelectrics. A series of metal-halide perovskite ferroelectrics (S-3AMP)x(R-3AMP)1-xPbBr4 was synthesized where 3AMP is the 3-(aminomethyl)piperidine divalent cation and enantiomer fraction x varies between 0 and 1 (0 and 1 = enantiomers; 0.5 = racemate). With the change of the enantiomer fraction, the TC, second-harmonic generation intensity, degree of circular polarization of photoluminescence, and photoluminescence intensity of the materials have been tuned. Particularly, when x = 0.70 - 1, a continuously linear tuning of the TC is achieved, showing a tunable temperature range of about 73 K. This strategy provides an effective means and insights for regulating the phase transition temperature and chiroptical properties of functional materials.

The role of gastrin 17 and pepsinogen I:pepsinogen II ratio in pathological diagnosis and endoscopic selection in gastritis patients.

BACKGROUND: The noninvasive serum markers pepsinogen I (PGI), pepsinogen II (PGII), gastrin-17 (G17), and PGI:PGII ratio (PGR) have recently been proposed as a new tool for predicting various gastric pathologies. METHODS: A total of 83 gastritis patients confirmed by gastroscopy were enrolled, with 78 undergoing concurrent colonoscopies. The control group included 99 healthy subjects. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect PGI, PGII, G17, and PGR. The performance of serological analysis for detecting gastritis pathology was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS: The G17 and PGII levels increased significantly (P < .001), whereas PGR levels decreased (P = .001) in the gastritis group. The ROC analysis revealed that PGR had a sensitivity and specificity of 70.83% and 86.67%, respectively, in predicting Helicobacter pylori-infected gastritis and a sensitivity and specificity of 88% and 65.52%, respectively, in predicting active gastritis. The G17 levels were significantly elevated in gastritis patients undergoing concurrent colonoscopies (P < .05). CONCLUSION: Pepsinogen I:pepsinogen II ratio was found to be a useful predictor of active gastritis and H pylori-infected gastritis. Furthermore, G17 was found to be closely related to pathological conditions found by colonoscopy and may provide recommendations for whether gastritis patients should undergo a concurrent colonoscopy.

Extraction, structural characterization and immunoactivity of glucomannan type polysaccahrides from Lilium brownii var. viridulum Baker.

Homogeneous polysaccharide (LBP) was extracted and purified from the bulblets of Lilium brownii var. viridulum Baker with a molecular weight of 312 kDa. The monosaccharides are composed of mannose and glucose, and the corresponding molar ratios are 0.582 and 0.418, respectively. FT-IR, LC-MS, NMR, GC-MS and HPAEC were used to analyze the functional groups, glycosidic linkages and chemical structure of LBP, which was a 1-4-linked glucomannan and contained a dodecasaccharide repeating units of →4)-ß-D-Manp-(1 â†’ 4)-ß-D-Manp-(1 â†’ 4)-ß-D-Manp-(1 â†’ 4)-ß-D-Glcp-(1 â†’ 4)-ß-D-Manp-(1 â†’ 4)-ß-D-Manp-(1 â†’ 4)-ß-D-Glcp-(1 â†’ 4)-α-D-Glcp-(1 â†’ 4)-ß-D-Glcp-(1 â†’ 4)-ß-D-Glcp-(1 â†’ 4)-ß-D-Manp-(1 â†’ 4)-ß-D-Manp-(1 â†’ . In vitro experimental results showed that LBP had noble biocompatibility, and a low dose of 5 µg/mL LBP significantly up-regulated the mRNA expression of TNF-α, iNOS, IL-6, IL-1ß and Toll-like receptors family (TLRs) in RAW 264.7 cells. In conclusion, LBP played an important role in immunomodulation, and further studies on the specific immunomodulatory mechanisms of LBP on RAW 264.7 cells are still needed.

An integrated network pharmacology, molecular docking and experiment validation study to investigate the potential mechanism of Isobavachalcone in the treatment of osteoarthritis.

BACKGROUND: In many different plants, including Dorstenia and Psoralea corylifolia L., Isobavachalcone (IBC) is a naturally occurring flavonoid chemical having a range of biological actions, including anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-bacterial. The "Theory of Medicinal Properties" of the Tang Dynasty states that Psoralea corylifolia L. has the ability to alleviate discomfort in the knees and waist. One of the most widespread chronic illnesses, osteoarthritis (OA), is characterized by stiffness and discomfort in the joints. However, there hasn't been much research done on the effectiveness and underlying processes of IBC in the treatment of osteoarthritis. AIM OF THE STUDY: To investigate the potential efficacy and mechanism of IBC in treating osteoarthritis, we adopted an integrated strategy of network pharmacology, molecular docking and experiment assessment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The purpose of this research was to determine the impact of IBC on OA and the underlying mechanisms. IBC and OA possible targets and processes were predicted using network pharmacology, including the relationship between IBC and OA intersection targets, Cytoscape protein-protein interaction (PPI) to obtain key potential targets, and GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis to reveal the probable mechanism of IBC on OA. Following that, in vitro tests were carried out to confirm the expected underlying processes. Finally, in vivo tests clarified IBC's therapeutic efficacy on OA. RESULTS: We anticipated and validated that the impact of IBC on osteoarthritis is mostly controlled by the PI3K-AKT-NF-κB signaling pathway by combining the findings of network pharmacology analysis, molecular docking and Experiment Validation. CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals the IBC has potential to delay OA development.

Quantum capacitance induced by electron orbital reconstruction of g-C3N4/Co3O4 heterojunction: Improving electrochemical performance.

Utilizing diverse material combinations in heterogeneous structures has become an effective approach for regulating interface characteristics and electronic structures. The g-C3N4/Co3O4 heterostructures were fabricated by uniformly modifying Co3O4 nanoparticles onto discrete clusters of g-C3N4 nanosheets. Then, they were subsequently employed as positive electrode materials for assembling hybrid supercapacitors. According to the first-principles calculation, Co3O4 and g-C3N4 formed Co-N ionic bonds, establishing interfacial space symmetry-broken heterojunction and direct exchange and superexchange between ions at the interface and sub-interface. This resulted in a high-density spin-orbit hybrid heterogeneous polarization interface, significantly improving the quantum capacitance of heterojunction materials. Experimental results showed that the heterojunction had a specific capacitance of 2662 F g-1 at 1 A g-1. When the power density was 750 W kg-1, the energy density reached 128 Wh kg-1. Even when the power density was 16850 W kg-1, it could show an energy density of 62.5 Wh kg-1. The g-C3N4/Co3O4 heterojunction could realize high energy density charge storage as the cathode material of supercapacitors. The construction of heterogeneous polarization interfaces for high-energy quantum capacitors provides a new and effective method for the energy storage field.

Diurnal rhythm of temporal reproduction in the visual field.

The perception of short-term temporal intervals has been suggested to be modulated by the circadian clock, yet systematic studies investigating this relationship are scarce. In this study, we examined the diurnal variations in temporal reproduction around 2-3 seconds with different stimulus eccentricities. Eighteen female participants completed a visual temporal reproduction task at nine time points throughout the day. The results showed significant interactions between clock time and duration, implying diurnal rhythmic variations in temporal reproduction. The reproduction of shorter duration (1500 ms) was overestimated with its highest accuracy in the morning, while the reproduction of longer duration (4500 ms) was underestimated with an approximate 3-hour advancement in acrophase than the shorter duration (1500 ms). No significant eccentricity effects were observed, suggesting homogenous temporal processing across visual fields. The results suggest the presence of diurnal rhythms in the perception of short-term temporal durations, confirming a two-process model of time perception operating within a 2-3 second time window.

The CXCLs-CXCR2 axis modulates the cross-communication between tumor-associated neutrophils and tumor cells in cervical cancer.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to check the expression profile of the C-X-C motif chemokine ligands (CXCLs)-C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) axis in cervical cancer and to explore the cross-talk between cervical cancer cells and neutrophils via CXCLs-CXCR2 axis. METHODS: Available RNA-sequencing data based on bulk tissues and single-cell/nucleus RNA-sequencing data were used for bioinformatic analysis. Cervical cancer cell lines Hela and SiHa cells were utilized for in vitro and in vivo studies. RESULTS: Except for neutrophils, CXCR2 mRNA expression is limited in other types of cells in the cervical tumor microenvironment. CXCLs bind to CXCR2 and are mainly expressed by tumor cells. CXCL1, 2, 3, 5, 6, and 8, which are consistently associated with neutrophil infiltration, are also linked to poor prognosis. SB225002 (a CXCR2 inhibitor) treatment significantly impairs SiHa cell-induced neutrophil migration. CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL5, or CXCL8 neutralized conditioned medium from SiHa cells have weaker recruiting effects. The conditioned medium of neutrophils from healthy donors can slow cancer cell proliferation. Conditioned medium of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) can drastically enhance cervical cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: The CXCLs-CXCR2 axis is critical in neutrophil recruitment and tumor cell proliferation in the cervical cancer microenvironment.

The Changes of Blood and CSF Ion Levels in Depressed Patients: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Micronutrient deficiencies and excesses are closely related to developing and treating depression. Traditional and effective antidepressants include tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and lithium. There is no consensus on the fluctuation of zinc (Zn2+), magnesium (Mg2+), calcium (Ca2+), copper (Cu2+), iron (Fe2+), and manganese (Mn2+) ion levels in depressed individuals before and after therapy. In order to determine whether there were changes in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of these ions in depressed patients compared with healthy controls and depressed patients treated with TCAs, SSRIs, or lithium, we applied a systematic review and meta-analysis. Using the Stata 17.0 software, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the changes in ion levels in human samples from healthy controls, depressive patients, and patients treated with TCAs, SSRIs, and lithium, respectively. By searching the PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and WAN FANG databases, 75 published analyzable papers were chosen. In the blood, the levels of Zn2+ and Mg2+ in depressed patients had decreased while the Ca2+ and Cu2+ levels had increased compared to healthy controls, Fe2+ and Mn2+ levels have not significantly changed. After treatment with SSRIs, the levels of Zn2+ and Ca2+ in depressed patients increased while Cu2+ levels decreased. Mg2+ and Ca2+ levels were increased in depressed patients after Lithium treatment. The findings of the meta-analysis revealed that micronutrient levels were closely associated with the onset of depression and prompted more research into the underlying mechanisms as well as the pathophysiological and therapeutic implications.

Analysis of public opinion on employment issues using a combined approach: a case study in China.

To analyze the public opinion related to the employment situation, a combined approach is proposed to study the valuable ideas from social media. Firstly, the popularity of public opinion was analyzed according to the time series from a statistical point of view. Secondly, the feature extraction was carried out on the public opinion information, and the thematic analysis of the employment environment was carried out based on the Latent Dirichlet Allocation model. Thirdly, the Bert model was used to analyze the sentiment classification and trend of the employment-related public opinion data. Finally, the employment public opinion texts in different regions were studied based on the spatial sequence popularity analysis, keyword difference analysis. A case study in China is conducted to verify the effectiveness of proposed combined approach. Results shown that the popularity of employment public opinion reached the highest level in March 2022. Public opinions towards employment situation are negative. There is a specific relationship between the popularity of employment public opinion in different provinces.

Si-Ni-San inhibits hepatic Fasn expression and lipid accumulation in MAFLD mice through AMPK/p300/SREBP-1c axis.

BACKGROUND: Soothing the liver and regulating qi is one of the core ideas of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of fatty liver. Si-Ni-San (SNS) is a well-known herbal formula in TCM for liver soothing and qi regulation in fatty liver treatment. However, its efficacy lacks modern scientific evidence. PURPOSE: This study was aimed to investigate the impact of SNS on metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in mice and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms, particularly its effects on lipid metabolism in hepatocytes. METHODS: The therapeutic effect of SNS was evaluated using in vivo and in vitro models of high-fat/high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet-induced mice and palmitic acid (PA)-induced hepatocytes, respectively. Molecular biological techniques such as RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP), and western blotting were employed to elucidate the molecular mechanism of SNS in regulating lipid metabolism in hepatocytes. RESULTS: Our findings revealed that SNS effectively reduced lipid accumulation in the livers of HFHC diet-induced mice and PA-induced hepatocytes. RNA-seq analysis demonstrated that SNS significantly down-regulated the expression of fatty acid synthase (Fasn) in the livers of HFHC-fed mice. Mechanistically, SNS inhibited Fasn expression and lipid accumulation by activating adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Activation of AMPK suppressed the activity of the transcriptional coactivator p300 and modulated the protein stability of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c). Importantly, p300 was required for the inhibition of Fasn expression and lipid accumulation by SNS. Furthermore, SNS activated AMPK by decreasing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in hepatocytes. CONCLUSION: This study provided novel evidence on the regulatory mechanisms underlying the effects of SNS on Fasn expression. Our findings demonstrate, for the first time, that SNS exerts suppressive effects on Fasn expression through modulation of the AMPK/p300/SREBP-1c axis. Consequently, this regulatory pathway mitigates excessive lipid accumulation and ameliorates MAFLD in mice.

Halogen Substitution Regulates High Temperature Dielectric Switch in Lead-Free Chiral Hybrid Perovskites.

Hybrid metal halides (HMHs) based phase transition materials have received widespread attention due to their excellent performance and potential applications in energy harvesting, optoelectronics, ferroics, and actuators. Nevertheless, effectively regulating the properties of phase transitions is still a thorny problem. In this work, two chiral lead-free HMHs (R-3FP)2 SbCl5 (1; 3FP=3-fluoropyrrolidinium) and (R-3FP)2 SbBr5 (2) were synthesized. By replacing the halide ions in the inorganic skeleton, the phase transition temperature of 2 changes with an increase of about 20 K, compared with 1. Meanwhile, both compounds display reversible dielectric switching properties. Through crystal structure analysis and Hirshfeld surface analysis, their phase transitions are ascribed to the disorder of the cations and deformation of the inorganic chains.

Multifunctional Buried Interface Modification Enables Efficient Tin Perovskite Solar Cells.

Tin perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are considered promising candidates to promote lead-free perovskite photovoltaics. However, their power conversion efficiency (PCE) is limited by the easy oxidation of Sn2+ and low quality of tin perovskite film. Herein, an ultra-thin 1-carboxymethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (ImAcCl) layer is used to modify the buried interface in tin PSCs, which can induce multifunctional improvements and remarkably enhance the PCE. The carboxylate group (CO) and the hydrogen bond donor (NH) in ImAcCl can interact with tin perovskites, thus significantly suppressing the oxidation of Sn2+ and reducing the trap density in perovskite films. The interfacial roughness is reduced, which contributes to a high-quality tin perovskite film with increased crystallinity and compactness. In addition, the buried interface modification can modulate the crystal dimensionality, favoring the formation of large bulk-like crystals instead of low-dimensional ones in tin perovskite films. Therefore, the charge carrier transport is effectively promoted and the charge carrier recombination is suppressed. Eventually, tin PSCs show a remarkably enhanced PCE from 10.12% to 12.08%. This work highlights the importance of buried interface engineering and provides an effective way to realize efficient tin PSCs.

Multi-analyte fluorescence sensing based on a post-synthetically functionalized two-dimensional Zn-MOF nanosheets featuring excited-state proton transfer process.

Covalent post-synthetic modification of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) represents an underexplored but promising avenue for allowing the addition of specific fluorescent recognition elements to produce the novel MOF-based sensory materials with multiple-analyte detection capability. Here, an excited-state proton transfer (ESPT) active sensor 2D-Zn-NS-P was designed and constructed by covalent post-synthetic incorporation of the excited-state tautomeric 2-hydroxypyridine moiety into the ultrasonically exfoliated amino-tagged 2D Zn-MOF nanosheets (2D-Zn-NS). The water-mediated ESPT process facilitates the highly accessible active sites incorporated on the surface of 2D-Zn-NS-P to specifically respond to the presence of water in common organic solvents via fluorescence turn-on behavior, and accurate quantification of trace amount of water in acetonitrile, acetone and ethanol was established using the as-synthesized nanosheet sensor with the detection sensitivity (<0.01% v/v) superior to the conventional Karl Fischer titration. Upon exposure to Fe3+ or Cr2O72-, the intense blue emission of the aqueous colloidal dispersion of 2D-Zn-NS-P was selectively quenched even in the coexistence of common inorganic interferents. The prohibition of the water-mediated ESPT process and local emission, induced by the coordination of ESPT fluorophore with Fe3+ or by Cr2O72- competitively absorbs the excitation energy, was proposed to responsible for the fluorescence turn-off sensing of the respective analytes. The present study offers the attractive prospect to develop the ESPT-based fluorescent MOF nanosheets by covalent post-synthetic modification strategy as multi-functional sensors for detection of target analytes.

Comprehensive treatment and a rare presentation of Cronkhite-Canada syndrome: Two case reports and review of literature.

BACKGROUND: Cronkhite-Canada syndrome (CCS) is a rare sporadic polyposis syndrome that presents with gastrointestinal and ectodermal symptoms in addition to nutritional deficiencies. CCS combined with hypothyroidism is an even rarer condition, with no standard treatment guidelines. CASE SUMMARY: The present study described 2 patients with CCS: A 67-year-old woman with concomitant hypothyroidism and 68-year-old man treated with endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). Both patients had multiple gastrointestinal symptoms and ectodermal changes, along with multiple gastrointestinal polyps. Microscopic examination showed that the mucosa in both patients was hyperemic and edematous, with pathologic examination showing distorted, atrophic, and dilated glands. Patient 1 had concomitant hypothyroidism and was treated with levothyroxine. Due to her self-reduction of hormone dose, her disease relapsed. Patient 2 underwent EMR, but refused further hormonal or biological treatments. Subsequently, he was treated with an oral Chinese medical preparation. CONCLUSION: Pharmacotherapy can induce and maintain remission in CCS patients, with adjuvant EMR, long-term follow-up, and endoscopic surveillance being necessary.

Research progress of acupuncture in the regulation of surgery stress response. / é’ˆåˆºè°ƒèŠ‚æ‰‹æœ¯åº”æ¿€ååº”çš„ç ”ç©¶è¿›å±•.

In clinical practice, operative stress varies from surgeries, which may lead to many injuries such as ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), hyperactivation of sympathetic nervous system (SNS), post-traumatic immunosuppression (PTI), hypercoagulation and inflammation. Acupuncture is effective and advantageous in regulating the stress response to surgery. The great progress has been made in recent years of acupuncture research in postoperative visceral IRI, SNS hyperactivation, PTI, hypercoagulation and inflammation. By collecting the relevant evidences of acupuncture in this field, the application value of acupuncture involved in modulating surgical stress response and the progress of mechanism research are explored and summarized.